Burkina Faso faces one of Africa’s fastest-growing displacement crises, with over 2.2 million people uprooted by conflict, insecurity, and food shortages in 2025.
Burkina Faso’s Humanitarian Emergency Escalates as Displacement Surges Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso – Burkina Faso is grappling with a deepening humanitarian crisis, as violent conflict and insecurity continue to displace record numbers of people across the country.
According to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), over 2.2 million people have been displaced internally as of April 2025, making it one of the most severe internal displacement crises in Africa.
Insecurity Forcing Mass Evacuations
Armed groups linked to al-Qaeda and the Islamic State have intensified attacks on villages, markets, and roads in several regions, particularly in the north and east of the country. Many communities have been forced to flee with little more than what they can carry, seeking refuge in urban centers or improvised camps.
Access to Food, Water, and Shelter at Critical Levels
Humanitarian agencies report that access to basic necessities has collapsed in some areas. Nearly 3.5 million people are now in need of food assistance, and malnutrition rates among children are rising alarmingly.
Water infrastructure is either damaged or non-existent in many displacement sites, and shelters are often overcrowded and unsanitary.
Aid Delivery Hampered by Insecurity
The volatile security environment has made it difficult for humanitarian organizations to reach affected populations. Many aid convoys require military escorts, and others are canceled due to threats of ambushes or landmines.
Donors are also struggling to meet funding targets. The 2025 Humanitarian Response Plan for Burkina Faso, which requires over $800 million USD, is currently less than 40% funded.
Vulnerable Populations at Higher Risk
Women and children are among the most vulnerable in this crisis. Reports of gender-based violence are increasing in displacement camps, and thousands of children are out of school due to the closure or destruction of educational facilities.
Despite efforts by UNICEF and other partners to provide temporary learning spaces, the long-term effects on education and mental health are expected to be severe.
Conclusion
Burkina Faso’s humanitarian emergency shows no signs of slowing down. Without immediate international support and long-term solutions to the root causes of the conflict, millions of lives remain at risk. Humanitarian actors continue to call for safe access, increased funding, and sustained global attention to one of the world’s most underreported crises.
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